Preventing Sewer Backups: Essential Tips For Homeowners

Aging sewage infrastructure can result in billions of dollars in damages to cities, while on a smaller scale, a sewer backup can cost homeowners thousands in repairs and cleanup. The best approach is to prevent these backups before they occur. Here are essential tips for maintaining your sewer or septic system, along with steps to take if you already face a sewer issue.

1. Understanding Your Drain Lines

Your home has different types of drain lines, each designed for specific waste types. Sanitary sewer lines carry waste from toilets, sinks, and showers, while storm sewer lines redirect water away from your home, protecting it from foundation damage. Understanding these systems is crucial for effective maintenance.
In urban areas, your sanitary sewer likely connects to municipal systems, while rural homes often rely on septic tanks. Both systems require regular maintenance to prevent blockages and backups.

2. Causes of Sewer Backups

Sewer backups typically occur when the sewage system becomes compromised. Common causes include:

​Tree Roots: Roots from trees and shrubs can invade sewer lines, searching for moisture and nutrients. They enter through cracks and joints, leading to significant blockages over time.
Aging Sewer Systems: Older homes often have outdated materials, such as tar paper or clay tile pipes, which are more prone to damage and root infiltration. If your home has an aging sewer system, consider a camera inspection to assess its condition.
Water Accumulation: Heavy rains can overwhelm sewer systems, causing water to back up into homes. This can also happen due to blockages caused by grease, roots, or damaged pipes.

3. Preventing Future Backups

Taking preventative measures is essential for maintaining your sewer or septic system. Here are key strategies:

Proper Grease Disposal: Grease is a leading cause of kitchen sink backups. Always dispose of grease in a heat resistant container and throw it away once it cools. Avoid pouring it down the drain, even with hot water.
Regular Maintenance: Schedule regular inspections and maintenance of your sewer lines, especially if they are older. Consider replacing aging pipes with newer plastic options to reduce the risk of root infiltration.
Backwater Prevention Valve: Installing a backwater valve can help protect your home from municipal sewer backups by allowing sewage to flow out but not back in. However, it won't prevent backups caused by clogs in your own lines.

4. Responding to a Sewer Backup

If you experience a sewer backup, act quickly to minimize damage:

1. Call a Plumber: The first step is to call a plumber to identify the cause of the backup and clear it. Ensure they have the equipment to inspect your sewer with a camera.

2. Cleanup: Promptly clean the affected area to prevent mold and damage. This includes:

•     Wet vacuuming spills
•     Mopping floors and disinfecting walls
•     Removing or steam cleaning wet carpets
•     Repairing any moisture damaged walls

3. Consult Professionals: If you're unsure about cleanup or repairs, consult a professional restoration service to ensure the area is safe and sanitary.

5. Avoid Chemical Drain Cleaners

Many homeowners mistakenly use chemical drain cleaners like Drano or Liquid Plumr to unclog drains. However, these harsh chemicals can damage pipes over time and may not even reach the clog. Instead, seek professional assistance for effective solutions.

 6. Insurance Coverage for Sewer Backups

Most homeowner's insurance policies do not cover sewer backups unless you specifically add coverage for it. If you have a septic tank, inform your insurance provider to ensure adequate coverage. In the event of a backup, you may need to call a plumber to assess the problem and determine if it is beyond your property line, as homeowners are typically responsible for the lateral line leading to the municipal sewer.

 7. Filing an Insurance Claim

If you experience damage from a sewer backup, document the incident:

•  Take before and after photos of the damage.
•  Create an itemized list of damaged or lost property, including repair and cleanup costs.
•  Contact your insurance agent as soon as possible to start the claims process.

 8. Excavation for Repairs

In some cases, you may need to excavate to replace sewer lines or septic tanks. This involves digging a trench, removing old pipes, and installing new ones at the correct slope to prevent future clogs. Always test the flow before backfilling to ensure everything is functioning correctly.

 9. Understanding Septic Tank Functionality

For those with septic systems, regular maintenance is key. Wastewater flows from your home to the septic tank, where solids settle, and grey water is filtered into the drain field. It is generally recommended to pump your septic tank every two to five years, depending on usage.

 10. Maintaining a Healthy Septic System

To ensure your septic system functions well:

•  Limit the use of antibacterial products that can harm the beneficial bacteria in your tank.
  
•  Consider adding a bacterial drain maintenance product, like BioChoice ES, to promote healthy bacterial activity and aid in waste breakdown.
  

Conclusion

By taking proactive measures to maintain your sewer and septic systems, you can prevent costly backups and ensure a safe, clean environment in your home. Regular inspections, proper waste disposal, and immediate responses to issues are essential for effective sewer management. Implementing these tips can significantly reduce the risk of sewer backups, protecting your home and saving you from expensive repairs. Remember, prevention is always more effective and economical than dealing with the aftermath of a sewer backup.